When choosing a electric motor for an application, a primary consideration is the speed range it will be operated in. Whenever a motor is run substantially slower than its ranked base speed, a number of potential adverse effects may come into play, including reduced cooling efficiency, reduced power performance and a alter in the motor’s velocity and torque characteristics. To mitigate this issue, some motors and velocity controllers have already been designed especially to drive lots at low speeds with precise control.

Most domestic and commercial motor applications use 3-phase asynchronous induction motors, which operate at a speed that’s dependant on the frequency of the supply power. When an application operates at a continuous speed, the only thing that is necessary may be a gearbox or velocity reducer that brings the motor speed down to the required level. Nevertheless, many applications require the velocity of the motor to be diverse during operation.

This is generally achieved using a VFD or Variable Frequency Drive, which controls the speed by modifying the frequency fed to the motor. Selecting the most appropriate motor and VFD type depends on a variety of factors, however, it is necessary to initial look at the way the characteristics of a electric motor change when the quickness is reduced.

A motor usually has a base speed, specified by the manufacturer, that it is certainly designed to operate at. However, if a engine is managed below the bottom speed, it may experience reduced performance of the cooling system. Especially with commonly used Totally Enclosed Enthusiast Cooled (TEFC) and ODP (Open Drip Proof) motors, where the cooling program consists primarily of a shaft-mounted lover, a decrease in speed outcomes in reduced airflow over the engine and loss of cooling, and heat buildup occurs. Particularly when the motor is operated with full torque at low speeds, heat can easily build up inside the motor to harmful levels.
Gearboxes and velocity reducers are mechanical rate reduction equipment found in automation control systems.

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